Direct and Indirect questions

Direct question: Where is the bank?

Indirect question: Could you tell me where the bank is?

Стъпка 1: Изгледайте видеото

Стъпка 2: Прочетете обясненията

английски език – самоучител

Основни разлики

Direct questions

обикновен/пряк въпрос
Например: Who is she?

indirect questions

учтив/непряк въпрос
Например: Do you know who she is?

Използваме Indirect questions, когато трябва да звучим учтиво/формално.

Този тип въпроси, обикновено започват с:

‘Could you tell me…’ or ‘Do you know…’.

Те са много често срещани в речта.

Видове учтиви/непреки въпроси

I. Yes/No questions:

1. С възможна *инверсия

*инверсия/смяна на мястото на въпросителния елемент от началото – към края на изречението /все едно е обикновено съобщително изречение

Could you tell me if he is coming today?

2. Със спомогателния глагол -do

Could you tell me if they live near by?

1. С възможна инверсия

if + инверсия

Глаголно време	Direct question/Пряк въпрос	Indirect question/Непряк/Учтив въпрос
Present simple with “be”	Is he Bulgarian?	Can you tell me if he is Bulgarian?
Present continuous	Is the shop closing now?	Can you tell me if the shop is closing now?
Past simple with ‘be’	Was he late for work?	Can you tell me if he was late for work?
Past continuous	Were you watching TV at 12:00 a.m.?	Can you tell me if you were watching TV at 12:00 a.m.?
Present perfect	Has Ani been to London?	Can you tell me if Ani has been to London?
Present perfect continuous	Has she been living here long?	Can you tell me if she has been living here long?
Past perfect	Had she cleaned the house before they came?	Can you tell me if she had cleaned the house before they came?
Past perfect continuous	Had he been living here long when he met Ana?	Can you tell me if he had been living here long when he met Ana?
Future simple with ‘will’	Will she start her new job next week?	Can you tell if she will start her new job next week?
Future simple with ‘going to’	Is it going to rain later?	Can you tell me if it is going to rain later?
Future continuous	Will Sarah be meeting the client later?	Can you tell me if Sarah will be meeting the client later?
Future perfect	Will he have finished the project by next week?	Can you tell me if he will have finished the project by next week?
Future perfect continuous	Will he have been studying English for twenty years when he retires?	Can you tell me if he will have been studying English for twenty years when he retires?
Modal verbs	Should we start now?	Can you tell me if we should start now?

2. Със спомогателния глагол -do в сегашно и минало просто време

Тук do/does/did се заместват от if и основният глагол се слага в съответното време:

Глаголно време	Direct question/Пряк въпрос	Indirect question/Непряк/Учтив въпрос
Present simple	Do you drink water?	Can you tell me if you drink water?
Present simple	Does Eva live in London?	Can you tell me if Eva lives in London?
Past simple	Did Leila call Robert yesterday?	Can you tell me if Leila called Robert yesterday?

II. Въпроси с допълнителна -Wh въпросителна дума:

1. С възможна инверсия

Could you tell me what time he is coming today?

2. Със спомогателния глагол -do

Can you tell me where she works?

1. -Wh въпросителна дума и възможна инверсия

В този случай използваме допълнителната въпросителна дума и стандартния словоред на съобщителното изречение

Глаголно време	Direct question/Пряк въпрос	Indirect question/Непряк/Учтив въпрос
Present simple with “be”	Why is he happy?	Can you tell me why he is happy?
Present continuous	When is the shop closing?	Can you tell me when the shop is closing?
Past simple with ‘be’	Why was he late for work?	Can you tell me why he was late for work?
Past continuous	What were you doing at 12:00 a.m.?	Can you tell me what you were doing at 12a.m?
Present perfect	Where has Ani been?	Can you tell me where Anna has been?
Present perfect continuous	How long has she been living here?	Can you tell me how long she has been living here?
Past perfect	Why had she quit her job before she moved here?	Can you tell me why she had quit her job before she moved here?
Past perfect continuous	How long had she been living here when she met you?	Can you tell me how long she had been living here when she met you?
Future simple with ‘will’	When will she start her new project?	Can you tell me when she will start her new project?
Future simple with ‘going to’	When is it going to rain?	Can you tell me when it is going to rain?
Future continuous	What time will Sarah be meeting her client?	Can you tell me what time Sarah will be meeting the client?
Future perfect	When will he have finished the project?	Can you tell me when he will have finished the project?
Future perfect continuous	How long will he have been studying English when he retires?	Can you tell me how long he will have been studying English when he retires?
Modal verbs	What should we do now?	Can you tell me what we should do now?

2. -Wh въпросителна дума със спомагателен глагол -do

Тук do/does/did се изпускат и основният глагол се слага в съответното време.

Глаголно време	Direct question/Пряк въпрос	Indirect question/Непряк/Учтив въпрос
Present simple	When do you drink water?	Can you tell me when you drink water?
Present simple	Where does Leila live?	Can you tell me where Leila lives?
Past simple	Why did Emma call Robert yesterday?	Can you tell me why Emma called Robert yesterday?