Direct and Indirect questions
Direct question: Where is the bank?
Indirect question: Could you tell me where the bank is?
английски език – самоучител
Основни разлики
Direct questions
обикновен/пряк въпрос
Например: Who is she?
indirect questions
учтив/непряк въпрос
Например: Do you know who she is?
Използваме Indirect questions, когато трябва да звучим учтиво/формално.
Този тип въпроси, обикновено започват с:
‘Could you tell me…’ or ‘Do you know…’.
Те са много често срещани в речта.
Видове учтиви/непреки въпроси
I. Yes/No questions:
1. С възможна *инверсия
*инверсия/смяна на мястото на въпросителния елемент от началото – към края на изречението /все едно е обикновено съобщително изречение
2. Със спомогателния глагол -do
1. С възможна инверсия
if + инверсия
| Глаголно време | Direct question/Пряк въпрос | Indirect question/Непряк/Учтив въпрос |
|---|---|---|
| Present simple with “be” | Is he Bulgarian? | Can you tell me if he is Bulgarian? |
| Present continuous | Is the shop closing now? | Can you tell me if the shop is closing now? |
| Past simple with ‘be’ | Was he late for work? | Can you tell me if he was late for work? |
| Past continuous | Were you watching TV at 12:00 a.m.? | Can you tell me if you were watching TV at 12:00 a.m.? |
| Present perfect | Has Ani been to London? | Can you tell me if Ani has been to London? |
| Present perfect continuous | Has she been living here long? | Can you tell me if she has been living here long? |
| Past perfect | Had she cleaned the house before they came? | Can you tell me if she had cleaned the house before they came? |
| Past perfect continuous | Had he been living here long when he met Ana? | Can you tell me if he had been living here long when he met Ana? |
| Future simple with ‘will’ | Will she start her new job next week? | Can you tell if she will start her new job next week? |
| Future simple with ‘going to’ | Is it going to rain later? | Can you tell me if it is going to rain later? |
| Future continuous | Will Sarah be meeting the client later? | Can you tell me if Sarah will be meeting the client later? |
| Future perfect | Will he have finished the project by next week? | Can you tell me if he will have finished the project by next week? |
| Future perfect continuous | Will he have been studying English for twenty years when he retires? | Can you tell me if he will have been studying English for twenty years when he retires? |
| Modal verbs | Should we start now? | Can you tell me if we should start now? |
2. Със спомогателния глагол -do в сегашно и минало просто време
Тук do/does/did се заместват от if и основният глагол се слага в съответното време:
| Глаголно време | Direct question/Пряк въпрос | Indirect question/Непряк/Учтив въпрос |
|---|---|---|
| Present simple | Do you drink water? | Can you tell me if you drink water? |
| Present simple | Does Eva live in London? | Can you tell me if Eva lives in London? |
| Past simple | Did Leila call Robert yesterday? | Can you tell me if Leila called Robert yesterday? |
II. Въпроси с допълнителна -Wh въпросителна дума:
1. С възможна инверсия
2. Със спомогателния глагол -do
1. -Wh въпросителна дума и възможна инверсия
В този случай използваме допълнителната въпросителна дума и стандартния словоред на съобщителното изречение
| Глаголно време | Direct question/Пряк въпрос | Indirect question/Непряк/Учтив въпрос |
|---|---|---|
| Present simple with “be” | Why is he happy? | Can you tell me why he is happy? |
| Present continuous | When is the shop closing? | Can you tell me when the shop is closing? |
| Past simple with ‘be’ | Why was he late for work? | Can you tell me why he was late for work? |
| Past continuous | What were you doing at 12:00 a.m.? | Can you tell me what you were doing at 12a.m? |
| Present perfect | Where has Ani been? | Can you tell me where Anna has been? |
| Present perfect continuous | How long has she been living here? | Can you tell me how long she has been living here? |
| Past perfect | Why had she quit her job before she moved here? | Can you tell me why she had quit her job before she moved here? |
| Past perfect continuous | How long had she been living here when she met you? | Can you tell me how long she had been living here when she met you? |
| Future simple with ‘will’ | When will she start her new project? | Can you tell me when she will start her new project? |
| Future simple with ‘going to’ | When is it going to rain? | Can you tell me when it is going to rain? |
| Future continuous | What time will Sarah be meeting her client? | Can you tell me what time Sarah will be meeting the client? |
| Future perfect | When will he have finished the project? | Can you tell me when he will have finished the project? |
| Future perfect continuous | How long will he have been studying English when he retires? | Can you tell me how long he will have been studying English when he retires? |
| Modal verbs | What should we do now? | Can you tell me what we should do now? |
2. -Wh въпросителна дума със спомагателен глагол -do
Тук do/does/did се изпускат и основният глагол се слага в съответното време.
| Глаголно време | Direct question/Пряк въпрос | Indirect question/Непряк/Учтив въпрос |
|---|---|---|
| Present simple | When do you drink water? | Can you tell me when you drink water? |
| Present simple | Where does Leila live? | Can you tell me where Leila lives? |
| Past simple | Why did Emma call Robert yesterday? | Can you tell me why Emma called Robert yesterday? |